Everything about Sinistrisme totally explained
Sinistrisme is a
neologism invented by
Albert Thibaudet in
Les idées politiques de la France (1932). He referred to the progressive substitution of
left wing parties by new, more radical parties, which in turn pushed each party towards the center (the
Radical Party being replaced by the
SFIO Socialist party, the Socialists by the
French Communist Party, etc). This historical movement (seen by Thibaudet as a historical necessity) thus explained, according to Thibaudet, the tendency of the
right-wing, in particular in
France (but the term also exists in
Italian), to disavow being a component of the right wing, claiming instead to be full participants of the left wing.
Hence, those who rallied to the
Republic in 1893 still adopted the denomination
Droite constitutionnelle or
républicaine (Constitutional or Republican Right), but replaced it in 1899 by
Action libérale, under which they went to the 1902 elections. An explicit right wing group resurged in 1910, gathering the last nostalgics of the
monarchy. According to historian
René Rémond, since 1924 the term "right wing" vanished from the parliamentary group's glossary. Deputies from the
Democratic Republican Alliance (ARD), which was the main
center-right parliamentary formation under the
Third Republic, sat in the parliamentary group of "Left-wing Republicans". Following the Liberation, the
Rally of the Republican Lefts (RGR) gathered conservative deputies, mostly from the
Radical-Socialist Party (and opponents of
Pierre Mendès-France as well as
Independent Radicals who had left the Radical Party in 1928, opposed to its alliance with the left-wing during the
Cartel des gauches), as well as from the
UDSR.
René Rémond remarked that "at the
1974 presidential election, only one candidate declared himself as belonging to the right-wing:
Jean-Marie Le Pen; in
1981, no one."
Conservative (which had been the name of an
ultra-royalist review in 1818-1820) was a synonym of "right wing" often used under the Third Republic, in particular by the
Bloc national Chamber.
Independents, used in the 1920s for deputies close to the
Action française royalist movement, was later used by less
reactionary politicians.
Footnotes
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